Mutations

PSEN1 I100F

Overview

Pathogenicity: Alzheimer's Disease : Pathogenic
ACMG/AMP Pathogenicity Criteria: PM1, PM2, PP1, PP2, PP3
Clinical Phenotype: Alzheimer's Disease
Position: (GRCh38/hg38):Chr14:73171007 A>T
Position: (GRCh37/hg19):Chr14:73637715 A>T
dbSNP ID: NA
Coding/Non-Coding: Coding
DNA Change: Substitution
Expected RNA Consequence: Substitution
Expected Protein Consequence: Missense
Codon Change: ATT to TTT
Reference Isoform: PSEN1 Isoform 1 (467 aa)
Genomic Region: Exon 4

Findings

This variant was found in a family of the Chinese Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Network in which four family members in the same generation carried the variant and were all diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (Jia et al., 2020). Ages at onset ranged from 55 to 60, with all affected individuals having an APOE E3/E3 genotype, except for the proband whose genotype was E3/E2. An unaffected member who didn’t carry the variant remained cognitively healthy at age 64.

This variant was absent from the gnomAD variant database (gnomAD v2.1.1, Aug 2021).

Neuropathology
Unknown

Biological Effect
The biological effect of this variant is unknown, but five in silico algorithms (Polyphen2, PANTHER, Mutpred2, PROVEAN, Mutation Taster) predicted a damaging effect (Jia et al., 2020). The PHRED-CADD score was 26.8.

Pathogenicity

Alzheimer's Disease : Pathogenic

This variant fulfilled the following criteria based on the ACMG/AMP guidelines. See a full list of the criteria in the Methods page.

PM1-M

Located in a mutational hot spot and/or critical and well-established functional domain (e.g. active site of an enzyme) without benign variation.

PM2-M

Absent from controls (or at extremely low frequency if recessive) in Exome Sequencing Project, 1000 Genomes Project, or Exome Aggregation Consortium. *Alzforum uses the gnomAD variant database.

PP1-S

Co-segregation with disease in multiple affected family members in a gene definitively known to cause the disease: *Alzforum requires at least one affected carrier and one unaffected non-carrier from the same family to fulfill this criterion. I100F: At least one family with >=3 affected carriers and >=1 unaffected noncarriers.

PP2-P

Missense variant in a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease.

PP3-P

Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene or gene product (conservation, evolutionary, splicing impact, etc.). *In most cases, Alzforum applies this criterion when the variant’s PHRED-scaled CADD score is greater than or equal to 20.

Pathogenic (PS, PM, PP) Benign (BA, BS, BP)
Criteria Weighting Strong (-S) Moderate (-M) Supporting (-P) Supporting (-P) Strong (-S) Strongest (BA)

Last Updated: 22 Feb 2022

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References

Paper Citations

  1. Jia L, Fu Y, Shen L, Zhang H, Zhu M, Qiu Q, Wang Q, Yan X, Kong C, Hao J, Wei C, Tang Y, Qin W, Li Y, Wang F, Guo D, Zhou A, Zuo X, Yu Y, Li D, Zhao L, Jin H, Jia J. PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP mutations in 404 Chinese pedigrees with familial Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2020 Jan;16(1):178-191. PubMed.

External Citations

  1. gnomAD v2.1.1

Further Reading

No Available Further Reading

Protein Diagram

Primary Papers

  1. Jia L, Fu Y, Shen L, Zhang H, Zhu M, Qiu Q, Wang Q, Yan X, Kong C, Hao J, Wei C, Tang Y, Qin W, Li Y, Wang F, Guo D, Zhou A, Zuo X, Yu Y, Li D, Zhao L, Jin H, Jia J. PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP mutations in 404 Chinese pedigrees with familial Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2020 Jan;16(1):178-191. PubMed.

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