Uppsala University, Sweden, played host to “Neurodegenerative Disorders—Immunotherapy and Biomarkers,” an international conference held 28-29 May 2009, and organized by the University’s Lars Lannfelt, Martin Ingelsson, and Lars Nilsson. Over two days, attendees were treated to talks on immunotherapy strategies for a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS, Huntington, Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, and to discussions on the development of biomarkers, which will be invaluable in evaluating therapeutic approaches. We thank Martin Ingelsson, meeting co-organizer, for preparing a two-part summary for Alzforum readers.