Amyloid-β is likely an intermediate in the development of dementia and neuronal cell death in Alzheimer disease and in some cases of Parkinson disease, whereas peroxynitrites may be the principal culprit. Through oxidation and nitration, peroxynitrites disrupt neurotransmissions and lead to a critical shortage of acetylcholine, which is involved in the retrieval of short-term memories. Polyphenols can be used to scavenge peroxynitrites and to partially reverse both peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation and nitration of proteins. The progression of certain types of dementia may thus not only be stopped, but partially reversed.
References:
Chericoni S, Prieto JM, Iacopini P, Cioni P, Morelli I.
In vitro activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and eugenol in peroxynitrite-induced oxidative processes.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 15;53(12):4762-5.
PubMed.
Ho SC, Tsai TH, Tsai PJ, Lin CC.
Protective capacities of certain spices against peroxynitrite-mediated biomolecular damage.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Mar;46(3):920-8.
PubMed.
Marshall KA, Reist M, Jenner P, Halliwell B.
The neuronal toxicity of sulfite plus peroxynitrite is enhanced by glutathione depletion: implications for Parkinson's disease.
Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Sep;27(5-6):515-20.
PubMed.
Smith MA, Richey Harris PL, Sayre LM, Beckman JS, Perry G.
Widespread peroxynitrite-mediated damage in Alzheimer's disease.
J Neurosci. 1997 Apr 15;17(8):2653-7.
PubMed.
Comments
Western Nevada College
Amyloid-β is likely an intermediate in the development of dementia and neuronal cell death in Alzheimer disease and in some cases of Parkinson disease, whereas peroxynitrites may be the principal culprit. Through oxidation and nitration, peroxynitrites disrupt neurotransmissions and lead to a critical shortage of acetylcholine, which is involved in the retrieval of short-term memories. Polyphenols can be used to scavenge peroxynitrites and to partially reverse both peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation and nitration of proteins. The progression of certain types of dementia may thus not only be stopped, but partially reversed.
References:
Chericoni S, Prieto JM, Iacopini P, Cioni P, Morelli I. In vitro activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and eugenol in peroxynitrite-induced oxidative processes. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 15;53(12):4762-5. PubMed.
Ho SC, Tsai TH, Tsai PJ, Lin CC. Protective capacities of certain spices against peroxynitrite-mediated biomolecular damage. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Mar;46(3):920-8. PubMed.
Marshall KA, Reist M, Jenner P, Halliwell B. The neuronal toxicity of sulfite plus peroxynitrite is enhanced by glutathione depletion: implications for Parkinson's disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Sep;27(5-6):515-20. PubMed.
Smith MA, Richey Harris PL, Sayre LM, Beckman JS, Perry G. Widespread peroxynitrite-mediated damage in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci. 1997 Apr 15;17(8):2653-7. PubMed.
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